Displaying modifiers' warnings in a custom UI layout

That “error” data is stored in the ModifierData struct in the C code. Some of the elements of that struct are exposed to the RNA system but the “error” string isn’t. I think it would be a pretty trivial change in the C code but I’m not familiar with the design in this area to be confident that it should be.

If I need a break and have some free time I can make a patch for it though.